Tools of War
AP World History: Modern · Learn by Concept
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AP World History: Modern › Tools of War
During the eleventh and twelfth centuries, trebuchets began to emerge in Europe and the Middle East; they were primarily used __________.
as siege weapons
for defensive purposes
as close-combat weapons
for caring for the sick and wounded
to spot enemies from a safe distance
Explanation
Trebuchets are siege weapons that became a popular component of medieval war-making in the twelfth century. A trebuchet is similar in design to a catapult, although significantly more complicated and effective. Trebuchets were eventually phased out in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries with the advent of gunpowder and cannons.
Which of the following best defines meritocracy?
A system where promotions are made based on ability rather than familial status
The name given to the Japanese concept of chivalry and honor
A religious sect of ancient Confucianism
The name given to Genghis Kahn’s style of intimidation and warfare
None of the other answer choices is correct.
Explanation
Meritocracy is the name given to a system in which promotions are made and jobs awarded based on the ability of an individual rather than the status of his or her family. Genghis Khan famously introduced this concept to his Mongolian forces, greatly improving the efficiency of his forces and the loyalty of his men.
The invention of gunpowder occurred in __________.
China
England
Germany
Russia
France
Explanation
The invention of gunpowder happened in China sometime around the ninth or tenth century. The China of this time period was a highly innovative society that gave the world many notable inventions, including block printing and compass navigation at sea. Gunpowder spread across Central Asia and the Middle East before arriving in Europe around the thirteenth century.