Identifying Synonyms - ISEE Upper Level Verbal Reasoning

"Mitigate" and "assuage" both mean to diminish or lighten. "Aggravate" means to annoy or irritate. "Rouse" means to wake or stimulate. "Anodize" means to gild or encrust. "Inure" means to accustom or acclimate.

"Divest" and "deprive" both means to dispossess or take off. "Maintain" means to care for or keep up. "Wane" means to diminish or lessen. "Goad" means to egg on or incite. "Beguile" means to fool or charm.

The word "abate" is a verb that means to reduce in amount or intensity. The best answer is "lessen," since it shares the same meaning—to reduce. Considering the other choices, "bait" is not an appropriate answer because when used as a verb, it means either taunt or put food in a trap in order to lure animals to it. As a noun, "bait" is something used to attract. The word "trick" means to deceive and "expand" means to increase in extent.

"Err" is a verb that means to make a mistake. The choice that makes the most sense here is "blunder," since when used as a verb, it shares a similar meaning - to make a mistake. Considering the other choices,"breathe" means to inhale and exhale air, "correct" means to fix a mistake, and "tinker" means to work to fix something without having any skill.

"Change" is a verb that means to alter the state of something. The best choice is "mutate" since it shares the same definition as "change"—to alter. Considering the other answer choices, "perceive" means actively notice, "convince" means get someone to change their opinion to another one, "limit" means set a certain amount or extent to which one may accumulate or do something, and "bombard" means overwhelm with a great number of something.

The word “propitiate” comes from the same Latin root from which we get the word “propitious,” meaning “favorable,” as in, “He quit his job in the most propitious circumstances, for the market for his skills was greatly in demand at very high rates of pay.” To “propitiate” is to do an action for the gods, as though one were sacrificing to please or calm them—in the hopes of attaining favorable circumstances. Therefore, the word is synonymous with “appease.”

The word “instigate” comes from Latin roots meaning to stick into (like putting a pin into something). When we instigate someone or something, we attempt to bring it into reality. To “instigate” a revolt is to attempt to start a revolt. Such activities could also be called “inciting,” which means to arouse to action or to encourage to do something, often implying that the encouraging is done with rhetoric and for bad ends. This is by far the best option.

To “ameliorate” a situation means to improve it, or to make it better, so "improve" is the correct answer. To “disprove” something means to prove that it is wrong or incorrect; "infer" means to come to a conclusion that requires a logical jump from one point to another that may not immediately be obvious; "carry" means transport by picking up in one's arms and walking around; and "antagonize" means provoke.

"Conform" means adhere to a set standard just as others do or match and agree, so "match" is the correct answer. As for the other answer choices, "forget" means lose the memory of; "aggrandize" means make seem more important or powerful than something or someone really is; "justify" means explain one's reasons for doing something; and "demean" means insult and degrade.

“Engender” means cause, create, or be the cause of, so "create" is the best answer choice. As for the other answer choices, “alleviate” means lessen the intensity of something bad; “demonstrate” means show how something is done by doing it oneself; “ridicule” means make fun of; and “mismanage” means manage poorly or mess up.

To “bungle” something means to mess it up or "mismanage" it. As for the other answer choices, “deplore” means hate; “depreciate” means decrease in worth; "consider" means think about carefully; and "announce" means declare information publicly for the first time.

The word "commend" is found in the very familiar word "recommend." Though we usually use this latter word to mean to suggest, it means even more properly to suggest with praise and approval. The word "commend" means to praise. To "recommend" someone is to praise him or her again—to someone else, perhaps. To "laud" someone is to praise him or her. When someone graduates "cum laude," he or she graduates with praise.

When a parent chides his or her child, he or she scolds the little one. Thus, we could say, "Bob chided his daughter for staying up past her bed time." Of course, two adults could also chide each other: "Gertrude chided Wilfred for his carelessness with the mail delivery." Thus, the best option among those given is "scold", which is basically a direct definition of the word "chide".

The word "endure" can have several meanings. One common use means to suffer or undergo. Thus, we say that someone endures massive pain after a surgery. Another use of the word can be, to keep on existing. Thus, we say, "The building endured through many storms." This means, "It continued existing through many storms." Thus, among the options provided, the best is "survive." Do not be tempted by words like "die" or "harm", which tempt you to be confused because of the first meaning discussed above.

This question is not necessarily very hard, for the word "toil" is rather common; however, the two options "labor" and "work" might make you think that neither of these are correct, for they appear to be synonymous. Don't let this fact trick you! To "toil" means to work hard at something. Technically, the word "labor" implies difficult physical work. Thus, it is a slightly better option than "work." Therefore, this is the best option among those provided. Do not go searching for another option out of confusion over the two options "labor" and "work."

Do not confuse "peddle" with "pedal." This might make you think of biking or other such fun activities! That is not what you are looking for in this question. Instead, the word "peddle" means to sell. It indicates either the kind of selling done by door-to-door salespeople or a kind of illegal selling that happens when, for example, someone attempts to sell stolen goods to someone else. The simple option "sell" is fine for this question, as none of the other options are close to being correct.

We might often think of “conjuring” in terms of magical tricks. The word actually can mean “to bring to mind,” as in, “The smell of pumpkin pie conjures images of Thanksgiving Day dinner for many American adults.” Likewise, it can have the more general meaning of “to produce unexpectedly,” as in, “I was always amazed that my mother could conjure up the most beautiful Christmas decorations in spite of our dire poverty.” For this reason, “produce” is the best option among those provided.

"Oscillate" means to fluctuate or change back and forth; think of an oscillating fan. "Levitate" means to rise into the air. "Abdicate" means to give up a right, position, or power. "Bungle" means to blunder or mess up. "Refuse" means to deny or say no.

Mar means to disfigure the appearance of something.