Synonyms: Roots from Latin - ISEE Middle Level Verbal Reasoning

The word "stellar" comes from the Latin word "stella," meaning star. Thus, something that is called "stellar" is something that is as bright and rare as a star. This is meant to describe something that is marvelous, outstanding, or superlative. The word can also describe things in outer space—like stars. Thus, one would speak of "stellar phenomena," but none of the options pertain to that meaning. Do not be tempted by options like "scientific" and "telescopic."

The Latin root -vac- means empty, without, as in "vacant" which means empty, not occupied. So, "evacuate" means to remove people from an area, to make an area empty. To provide additional help, "insert" means add to and the other three answer choices are all synonyms they all mean to hint at or propose an idea.

The prefix "acri_-_" refers to bitterness, either a bitter sensation or a bitterness of personality. In this instance it is the latter usage that is relevant, as “acrimony” is a feeling of bitterness towards someone else. This is similar in meaning to “hostility,” or “rancor,” which means resentment. To provide further help, “influx" means arrival of a large group of things or people; a “monument” is a statue built to commemorate someone or some event; and “admonition” means caution or warning.

The prefix "ocu_-" refers to being able to see, or to the eyes. This is similar to the prefix "vis-_," which means to see. We can infer that “ocular” and “visual” are closely related to one another. To provide further help, “audio” means having to do with sound and hearing; “tactile” means able to be touched; “condemned” means considered guilty and awaiting punishment.

The prefix "nom_-_" means related to names, and “nomenclature” means a naming system. As such, it is most similar in meaning to “taxonomy,” which is another name for a system of naming and identifying things. To provide further help, a “discrepancy” is an inconsistency; a “pseudonym” is a fake name or a nickname; "fatigue" is exhaustion or extreme tiredness, and a "title" is the name by which a work of art or literature is known.

The root "aqua" refers to water, and the suffix "_-_duct" refers to something that carries something else, so an “aqueduct” is a pipe that carries drinking water from a source to a population center. Another word for something that carries things from one place to another is a “conduit.” To provide further help, "solubility" is how well a substance dissolves in water or another solute, a "transmission" is the transferral of something from one place to another; a "container" is something used to store or hold something else; and a "pool" is a small artificial body of water used for recreational swimming.

The Latin root "carn" means meat or body, so a “carnivore” is a meat-eater. A “herbivore” is an animal that eats plants (the root "herb" meaning plants); a “vegetarian” is a human that does not eat meat; and an “omnivore” is an animal that eats both plants and meats, the prefix "omni-" meaning all. "Voracious" means extremely hungry or fervent.

The Latin root "jud_"_ means law, so “judgment” is a ruling by a court of law. It can also refer to the ability to make good decisions or having good sense. “Nonsense” means speech or writing that makes no sense; “wit” is the ability to be funny by being clever; “resolve” is determination; and "honesty" is truthfulness.

The Latin root "fid" means faith or trust, and the Latin prefix "con-" means with, so it makes sense that to “confide” means to put trust in and to tell secrets to someone_._ The Latin prefix "mis_-_" means not, so it makes sense that “mistrust” means to suspect and not trust and that “misunderstand” means to not understand, or to understand incorrectly. “Reprimand” means to punish for a relatively small wrongdoing.

The Latin root "mal" means bad or not, so it makes sense that "malicious" means cruel and wanting to cause pain and suffering. "Nasty" is thus the correct answer, as the word can be used to mean mean-spirited and hurtful when describing people As for the other answer choices, “grateful” means thankful for things you have been given; “humorous” means funny; “serene” means quiet and peaceful; and "embarrassed" means slightly ashamed, especially due to something one's actions in front of other people.

"Liber-" derives from Latin roots meaning free, so it makes sense that with the "-ate" suffix added, which means to do or make, "liberate" means set free from some kind of oppression. This means that "free" is the correct answer. As for the other answer choices, “enslave” means to make into a slave; “entrap” means capture; “rejoice” means celebrate or express happiness about something that happened; and “barter” means to trade one thing for another so as to conduct business without money.

The root "loq" means speak or talk and is found in other words like "loquacious" (talkative), "interlocutor" (someone with whom you have a conversation) and "elocution" (diction). Thus, it makes sense that someone who is "eloquent" is able to speak well and beautifully, making "well-spoken" the correct answer.

As for the other answer choices, “artistic” means creative and talented in making art; “nomadic” means wandering and not living permanently in one place; “incessant” means_unrelenting_; and “terminal” means final or concluding.

The English prefix "uni-" comes from Latin and means having to do with one of something. Given this, it makes sense that “unique” means one-of-a-kind or "original." “Unoriginal” means not original, because the prefix "un_-_" means not. “Mandatory” means necessary as opposed to optional; “prohibited” means not allowed due to some official rule; and "limited" means having a defined and set extent.

"Terra" is the Latin word for earth or land, so it makes sense that “terrain” means a type of land, like “rocky terrain” or “grassy terrain.” The “temperature” is how hot or cold it is; “weather” means the temporary and changeable atmospheric conditions involving precipitation, wind, and temperature.

The Latin root "-pel" means force or drive and is found in English words like "dispel" (drive away or eliminate a bad feeling, especially uncertainty) and "repel" (to physically force back and away—think of what "mosquito repellant" accomplishes). Given this, it makes sense that "compel" means force someone to do something. “Deride” means mock, “imitate” means copy; “suppress” means subdue or curb; and "encourage" means support someone's actions and in doing so, suggest that he or she begin or continue those actions.

The root "nov" comes from Latin and means new or begin, so it makes sense that "novelty" means "newness." "Age" means the span of time for which someone or something has existed; "size" refers to the amount of physical space something or someone takes up; "entertainment" is something intended to amuse; and "fortune" can either refer to a large amount of money owned by one person or luck.

The root "ped" comes from Latin and means related to feet or walking; you can see it used in words like "pedal" and "impediment" and it is similar to the "pod-" one sees in the word "podiatrist," or doctor who specializes in treating patients' feet. Given this, it makes sense that a "pedestrian" is someone who is walking, usually by the side of a road. A “responder” is someone who answers something, such as a call; a “transporter” is someone who moves something from one place to another; and a “pilot” is someone who flies a plane.

The root "per" can throughout and is seen in words like "perfuse" (spread gradually throughout an entire thing), so it makes sense that "persist" means continue throughout a long period of time or in other words, keep going. "Continue" is thus the best answer. “Desist” means stop, or hold back from; “conclude” means finish; “delay” means cause to be set to commence until some point of time in the future; and “resist” means to not let something happen or to fight back.

The root "note" comes from Latin and usually relates to being important, as in words like "noteworthy" and phrases like "of note," both of which mean important. Thus, it makes sense that "notable" also means "important." “Insignificant” means not important; “responsible” means able to be trusted to do the right thing or mature; “edible” means able to be eaten; “audible” means able to be heard.