Psychological Abnormalities - AP Psychology
Card 1 of 3311
What is the most popular psychotropic medication to treat bipolar disorder?
What is the most popular psychotropic medication to treat bipolar disorder?
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Lithium is typically used to treat the manic symptomology associated with bipolar disorder.
Lithium is typically used to treat the manic symptomology associated with bipolar disorder.
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Which is not a physiological response of anxiety?
Which is not a physiological response of anxiety?
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Increased salivation is not a physiological response to anxiety. The other four choices are examples of physiological responses that are commonly caused by anxiety.
Increased salivation is not a physiological response to anxiety. The other four choices are examples of physiological responses that are commonly caused by anxiety.
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How many manic or depressive episodes do those with rapid cycling bipolar disorder experience in one year?
How many manic or depressive episodes do those with rapid cycling bipolar disorder experience in one year?
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Those with rapid cycling bipolar disorder are classified as such when they have at least four manic or depressive episodes in one year.
Those with rapid cycling bipolar disorder are classified as such when they have at least four manic or depressive episodes in one year.
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If Lucy believes that every plane flying overhead is trying to bomb her, and every whispering stranger is plotting to kill her, what type of schizophrenic symptom is she having?
If Lucy believes that every plane flying overhead is trying to bomb her, and every whispering stranger is plotting to kill her, what type of schizophrenic symptom is she having?
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A delusion of persecution is when a person believes everyone is trying to hurt (persecute) him or her; Lucy's belief about random planes bombing her and strangers plotting to hurt her are two examples of such perceived persecution.
A delusion of persecution is when a person believes everyone is trying to hurt (persecute) him or her; Lucy's belief about random planes bombing her and strangers plotting to hurt her are two examples of such perceived persecution.
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Which of the following is not a structural trait of the brain of an individual with schizophrenia?
Which of the following is not a structural trait of the brain of an individual with schizophrenia?
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Schizophrenia is marked by several unique brain traits, including:
Enlarged ventricles
Small/disorganized hippocampus
Small amygdala
The absence of a cerebellum would result in serious motor function deficits, but is absolutely not characteristic of the brains of patients with schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia is marked by several unique brain traits, including:
Enlarged ventricles
Small/disorganized hippocampus
Small amygdala
The absence of a cerebellum would result in serious motor function deficits, but is absolutely not characteristic of the brains of patients with schizophrenia.
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Which of the following mental disorders would not benefit from treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?
Which of the following mental disorders would not benefit from treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors interfere with serotonin transport in the brain's synapses and can work to elevate mood. SSRIs are used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Treatment for personality disorders with SSRIs is not successful.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors interfere with serotonin transport in the brain's synapses and can work to elevate mood. SSRIs are used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Treatment for personality disorders with SSRIs is not successful.
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Which of the following neurotransmitters possesses functions related to mood, sleep, and motivation?
Which of the following neurotransmitters possesses functions related to mood, sleep, and motivation?
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Serotonin is the major neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and motivation. A lack of serotonin can lead to depression, OCD, and eating disorders. Too much serotonin can decrease motivation. Serotonin levels can be regulated through selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and other drugs.
Serotonin is the major neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and motivation. A lack of serotonin can lead to depression, OCD, and eating disorders. Too much serotonin can decrease motivation. Serotonin levels can be regulated through selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and other drugs.
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A support group for the children of alcoholics is an example of .
A support group for the children of alcoholics is an example of .
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Because alcoholism is a disease with genetic components, the children of alcoholics are especially at risk for developing the disease in the future. Prevention strategies directed specifically toward at-risk populations are categorized as secondary prevention.
Because alcoholism is a disease with genetic components, the children of alcoholics are especially at risk for developing the disease in the future. Prevention strategies directed specifically toward at-risk populations are categorized as secondary prevention.
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What does CBT stand for?
What does CBT stand for?
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, short-term therapeutic technique that aims to change a client's maladaptive cognitions and behaviors into more realistic and/or adaptive ones. CBT is commonly used for those with various mood and anxiety disorders.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, short-term therapeutic technique that aims to change a client's maladaptive cognitions and behaviors into more realistic and/or adaptive ones. CBT is commonly used for those with various mood and anxiety disorders.
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Which therapeutic approach supports the use of free association?
Which therapeutic approach supports the use of free association?
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Free association is a common tenet of psychoanalysis that allows clients to speak for themselves. Free association allows the therapist to figure out the client's unconscious motives and desires.
Free association is a common tenet of psychoanalysis that allows clients to speak for themselves. Free association allows the therapist to figure out the client's unconscious motives and desires.
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Which of the following is the most common type of sensory hallucination?
Which of the following is the most common type of sensory hallucination?
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Many people with schizophrenia have hallucinations, which can be defined as sensory experiences without sensory stimulation. Although auditory, visual, tactile (touch), gustatory (taste), and olfactory (smell) hallucinations are all possible, auditory hallucinations, particularly hearing voices that no one else can hear, are by far the most common.
Many people with schizophrenia have hallucinations, which can be defined as sensory experiences without sensory stimulation. Although auditory, visual, tactile (touch), gustatory (taste), and olfactory (smell) hallucinations are all possible, auditory hallucinations, particularly hearing voices that no one else can hear, are by far the most common.
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What types of disorders have salts of lithium been used to treat?
What types of disorders have salts of lithium been used to treat?
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Lithium is the most widely used and studied medications for bipolar disorders. They also have a role in treating depression and mania, acutely and long term. Once ingested, lithium becomes prevalent in the central nervous system (CNS), and can bind to a number of receptors in order to block norepinephrine production. It can also interact with neurotransmitters in order to cause a release of seratonin.
Lithium is the most widely used and studied medications for bipolar disorders. They also have a role in treating depression and mania, acutely and long term. Once ingested, lithium becomes prevalent in the central nervous system (CNS), and can bind to a number of receptors in order to block norepinephrine production. It can also interact with neurotransmitters in order to cause a release of seratonin.
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Stacy would like to test whether an anti-depressant effectively reduces symptoms of depression. She gives depressed participants a questionnaire before administration of the drug. Half of the participants receive the drug for six weeks, and the other half receive a placebo sugar pill. She then gives the same questionnaire to assess any changes in symptoms.
Which of these is most likely the drug that Stacy administers?
Stacy would like to test whether an anti-depressant effectively reduces symptoms of depression. She gives depressed participants a questionnaire before administration of the drug. Half of the participants receive the drug for six weeks, and the other half receive a placebo sugar pill. She then gives the same questionnaire to assess any changes in symptoms.
Which of these is most likely the drug that Stacy administers?
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to treat mood disorders. The other choices are used for other types of mental illnesses.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to treat mood disorders. The other choices are used for other types of mental illnesses.
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For which psychiatric disorder are SSRIs most commonly prescribed?
For which psychiatric disorder are SSRIs most commonly prescribed?
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SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are commonly prescribed for depressed patients to increase the amount of serotonin in their bodies. Having a greater amount of serotonin is associated with experiencing more positive emotions.
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are commonly prescribed for depressed patients to increase the amount of serotonin in their bodies. Having a greater amount of serotonin is associated with experiencing more positive emotions.
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Valium, Ativan, Klonopin, and Xanax are used to treat panic disorders. These medications are considered to fall under which category?
Valium, Ativan, Klonopin, and Xanax are used to treat panic disorders. These medications are considered to fall under which category?
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Benzodiazepines such as Xanax, Klonopin, Ativan, and Valium, act like sedatives, but without their sleep-inducing effect. These medications can be effective in the treatment of panic disorders.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Zoloft, Paxil, and Luvox, are mood stabilizers and are used to treat depression. Nardil is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) useful in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder by reducing nightmares and insomnia. Catapres and Inderal, which are antiadrenergic agents, are also useful in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Antiadrenergic agents reduce startle reactions. Lithium is a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Benzodiazepines such as Xanax, Klonopin, Ativan, and Valium, act like sedatives, but without their sleep-inducing effect. These medications can be effective in the treatment of panic disorders.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Zoloft, Paxil, and Luvox, are mood stabilizers and are used to treat depression. Nardil is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) useful in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder by reducing nightmares and insomnia. Catapres and Inderal, which are antiadrenergic agents, are also useful in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Antiadrenergic agents reduce startle reactions. Lithium is a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
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Which of the following is not a depressant drug?
Which of the following is not a depressant drug?
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Depressants are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow down bodily functions. Cocaine is a stimulant, which increases neural activity and speeds up bodily functions. All of the other answer choices are depressants.
Depressants are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow down bodily functions. Cocaine is a stimulant, which increases neural activity and speeds up bodily functions. All of the other answer choices are depressants.
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Which of the following is a commonly prescribed antidepressant?
Which of the following is a commonly prescribed antidepressant?
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) block the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain to help ease depressive symptoms. Some of the most popular SSRIs are Zoloft (Sertraline) and Prozac (Fluoxetine).
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) block the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain to help ease depressive symptoms. Some of the most popular SSRIs are Zoloft (Sertraline) and Prozac (Fluoxetine).
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Often, psychiatric medications are used for non-FDA-approved or "off-label" treatment of symptoms. While not typically illegal, these treatments are not as well studied as the approved treatments and often not covered by health insurance plans.
Which of the following conditions is commonly treated using an "off-label" treatment of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Often, psychiatric medications are used for non-FDA-approved or "off-label" treatment of symptoms. While not typically illegal, these treatments are not as well studied as the approved treatments and often not covered by health insurance plans.
Which of the following conditions is commonly treated using an "off-label" treatment of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
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While the other conditions—MDD, bedwetting, OCD, and PDD—are all FDA-approved for various first-generation and second-generation tricyclic medications, panic disorder is still an off-label use for TCAs. Currently, FDA approval favors selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treatment of panic disorders.
While the other conditions—MDD, bedwetting, OCD, and PDD—are all FDA-approved for various first-generation and second-generation tricyclic medications, panic disorder is still an off-label use for TCAs. Currently, FDA approval favors selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for treatment of panic disorders.
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Until recently, which of the following classes of drugs were often used only as a last resort in the treatment of psychological disorders due to longstanding research showing potentially fatal side effects?
Until recently, which of the following classes of drugs were often used only as a last resort in the treatment of psychological disorders due to longstanding research showing potentially fatal side effects?
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MAOIs have long held a stigma of being associated with fatal dietary and adverse drug reactions—including phenylamines and anesthetic medications. Despite this stigma, recent studies have indicated that some of this longstanding research was based on outmoded or misinterpreted methodology.
MAOIs have long held a stigma of being associated with fatal dietary and adverse drug reactions—including phenylamines and anesthetic medications. Despite this stigma, recent studies have indicated that some of this longstanding research was based on outmoded or misinterpreted methodology.
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Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOs) are one form of treatment for depression. How do MAOs work?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOs) are one form of treatment for depression. How do MAOs work?
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MAO medication inhibits MAOs, which normally inhibit serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, so that these neurotransmitters can increase in concentration.
MAO medication inhibits MAOs, which normally inhibit serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, so that these neurotransmitters can increase in concentration.
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