Understanding Plant Reproduction
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AP Biology › Understanding Plant Reproduction
Which of the following is true of the sporophyte of a plant?
It produces spores, which grow into gametophytes
It produce seeds, which grow into gametophytes
It produce zygotes, which grow into gametophytes
It produce zygotes, which grow into sporophytes
None of these
Explanation
The sporophyte produces spores, which grow into gametophytes. The gametophyte produces both ovules and pollen, which unite to form a zygote. The zygote grows into the next sporophyte. The plant life cycle continues to alternate between these stages. In flowering plants, the gametophyte stage has been greatly reduced compared to the sporophyte stage.
Pollination is a process in which pollen is transferred between which of the following two structures of an angiosperm?
From the anther to the stigma
From the stigma to the anther
From the pollen tube to the ovary
From the stamen to the ovary
Explanation
Pollination is the process in angiosperms through which pollen is transferred from the male anther to the female stigma. Pollination can be either abiotic (i.e. by the wind) or biotic (i.e. by an animal). This process precedes fertilization.
Diecious plants (such as Gingko biloba) have separate sexes rather than having both male and female parts on a single plant.
Given that ginkgo is diecious, which plants would you expect to produce pollen?
Only male gingko plants
Only female gingko plants
Both male and female gingko plants
Niether; diecious plants do not produce pollen
All male gingko plants and some female gingko plants
Explanation
Pollen is the male part of the plant, and thus is only produced by male ginkgo plants. Females have ovules with a fleshy, fruit-like outer layer and rely on the males plants for pollination. (Ginkgo is a gymnosperm and thus technically not a flowering/fruit-producing plant.)
Double fertilization in angiosperms results in a __________ zygote and a triploid __________.
diploid . . . endosperm
haploid . . . endosperm
diploid . . . fruit
diploid . . . seed
haploid . . . fruit
Explanation
Double fertilization is the process by which two sperm cells are introduced to the ovule. One sperm (
Which of the following can be best described as a method of pollination?
All of these
Another organism
Wind
Water
Explanation
Pollination is defined as the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma of an angiosperm. There are abiotic and biotic methods of pollinations. Abiotic pollination includes wind and water while in biotic pollination another organism facilitates pollination.