Answering other questions about twentieth-century 2D art
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The artist who had a studio called “The Factory,” which produced multiple kinds of artwork was __________.
Andy Warhol
Pablo Picasso
Salvador Dali
Henri Matisse
Explanation
"The Factory" became known in the 1960s for the parties thrown there by its owner, Andy Warhol, but in all of its locations in Manhattan, Warhol used it as a working art studio. Due to Warhol's fascination with screen printing and other mechanical forms of reproduction, the name was fitting, as it featured many apprentices making various works. Warhol also gathered a variety of people there to make art in a variety of types.
This paintings was created in the __________.
1910s
1930s
1920s
1940s
1890s
Explanation
Juan Gris' Portrait of Pablo Picasso from 1912 is an example of the artistic movement known as cubism. Cubism was developed by a variety of painters living in Paris around 1910, including the Spaniards Picasso and Gris, but also the Frenchmen Georges Braque and Fernand Léger. Cubism is defined by its deconstruction of its images to geographic shapes and mathematical forms.
Figure: Portrait of Pablo Picasso by Juan Gris (1912)
Which of the following statements is true of Post-Impressionism?
It was a movement instigated by artists who felt the Impressionists lacked too many of the traditional elements of picture making in their attempts to capture momentary sensations of light and color on canvas.
The four artists in particular who led the movement were Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Claude Monet, and Gustave Caillebotte.
Post-Impressionism sought to avoid reliance on formal elements such as color and form to express emotion and instead used well-known scenes and images to elicit viewer responses.
The majority of Post-Impressionists rejected subjective expression in favor of objective representation.
Post-Impressionist rejected pointillism and divisionism as too analytical and not freely expressive enough to portray human emotions.
Explanation
The Post-Impressionists developed out of the movement of Impressionism, but felt it necessary to more systematically examine the properties and expressive qualities of line, pattern, form, and color. Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, and Paul Cezanne were leaders of this movement.
The movement that produced the above work was directly influenced by the artist __________.
Paul Cézanne
Jackson Pollock
Wassily Kandinsky
Gustave Courbet
Explanation
In one sense, cubism seemed to appear as a radical new take on modern art, using geometric shapes to create strange and disturbing images that conformed little to what came before. An important influence, however, was the impressionist Paul Cézanne, whose still lifes and landscapes were less than direct representations of what he painted. Cézanne, like the cubists, used abstract ideas to create more emotionally realistic and biting images.
Figure: Portrait of Pablo Picasso by Juan Gris (1912)
All of the following statements are true of Gustav Klimt's The Kiss except __________.
it is reflective of Klimt's position as a well-established painter, accepted in the established conservative artist society in Vienna
it reflects the fin-de-siecle flamboyance of the Austrian middle class, but tempers it with unsettling undertones
the shimmering, extravagant flat patterning of the couple's bodies has clear ties to Art Nouveau and the Arts and Crafts movement
the depiction is reminiscent of the conflict between two and three dimensionality intrinsic to the work of Degas and other modernists
The Kiss is a visual manifestation of fin-de-siecle spirit because it captures a decadence conveyed by opulent, sensuous images and also masks anxieties about an uncertain and foreboding future
Explanation
Klimt rebelled against the established Viennese conservative artists society and formally banded with other artists to create the Vienna Secession. This group created their own exhibition program and called for greater integration between art objects and the surrounding interior environment.
Which of the following artistic movements was heavily influenced by the freeform nature of jazz music?
Abstract Expressionism
Impressionism
Cubism
Futurism
Bauhaus
Explanation
The eclectic, improvisational nature of jazz had a wide influence in other artistic forms. In particular, visual artists sought to take some of jazz's extemporaneous elements and apply them to painting and sculpture. This idea greatly influence Jackson Pollock's "drip method" and other aspects of Abstract Expressionist art from the 1940s and 1950s.
What is the name of the Pablo Picasso mural commemorating a bombing during the Spanish Civil War?
Guernica
The Great Day of Girona
The Reaper
The Falling Soldier
Explanation
In 1937, planes from Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe, on behalf of the Francoist forces, bombed the Basque city of Guernica, a Republican stronghold. As one of the largest-scale atrocities of the Spanish Civil War, the Guernica bombing made Pablo Picasso feel compelled to commemorate the event. The result was a gigantic wall mural in Picasso's signature cubist style, but with references to war and a black and white color palette, neither of which were common to his work. The work was simply titled Guernica.
In The Goldfish, Henri Matisse uses vivid colors in order to __________________.
heighten the abstraction of the composition
capture the odd colors of the subject in nature
create a contrast with the realistic depiction of the work
add a sense of confusion for the viewer
Explanation
The Goldfish is, fitting with Henri Matisse's work generally, an abstract piece, but one whose general forms and shapes are somewhat representational. Heightening the slight abstraction of the painting's shapes is the choice of color palette made by Henri Matisse. The bright, almost unnatural colors create a different perspective for the viewer and match more closely to other forms of abstract art.
Which of the following artistic movements was heavily influenced by the freeform nature of jazz music?
Abstract Expressionism
Impressionism
Cubism
Futurism
Bauhaus
Explanation
The eclectic, improvisational nature of jazz had a wide influence in other artistic forms. In particular, visual artists sought to take some of jazz's extemporaneous elements and apply them to painting and sculpture. This idea greatly influence Jackson Pollock's "drip method" and other aspects of Abstract Expressionist art from the 1940s and 1950s.
The pop artist who often use images of the American flag in his work was __________.
Jasper Johns
Andy Warhol
Robert Rauschenberg
Roy Lichtenstein
Explanation
Like many other pop artists, Jasper Johns (b. 1930) used familiar symbols in odd or surprising ways to invert the expectations and conventions of high vs. low art. Instead of utilizing commercial products or elements of low culture, however, Johns preferred images of Americana, like the American flag. Johns' series of paintings on the American flag include an all-white flag, a pastiche of multiple sized flags, and flags where the colors are smudged and running into each other.